These are basically used for improving Ambient Occlusion and avoiding an effect called "light leaking", where a model could bounce light from parts that light shouldn't reach. This is the reason that tangent space normal maps are more widely used today.īent normal maps: they basically combine the information of an AO and a normal map, bending the normal directions so that light tends to bounce towards the parts of the model that are exposed to the light. However, this doesn't work with deforming meshes, as it only takes into account the object transform. If you rotate the model in the world, the normal map would reflect this change. Think of it as "this face will bounce light to the right of the model". The idea is that when moving the model in the world, its world space normal map would change to reorient itself relative to the object. Object space normal map: this is an upgraded version of the world space normal map, and it's very similar to the latter. This means that world space normal maps can break when changing between different applications. Keep in mind that the world coordinates change between applications: in Unreal, 3D Studio Max, and Blender the Z-axis is up, while in Maya, Modo, and Cinema4D, Y is up. You can use this to add a painted light to the texture. the blue channel shows how your model should bounce the light that comes from the top of the model.
World space normal maps are very rarely used in games nowadays, but they can be used to create some nice textures, i.e.
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